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If, as the new saying goes, "truth is [really] on its way" then, perhaps, Black People can finally also be back on their way. Which way? The way out of all of the confusion, contradictions and cultural degeneration that has retarded the liberation of our people these last few years.
Truth is not an abstract, it refers to sincerity, honesty, conformity to fact, correctness, exactitude, et cetera. Carlos Cooks was truth personified. It is also the truth that, if one man can be singled out as, the individual personality, most responsible for the resurrection on Marcus Garvey's philosophy and program then that man is Carlos Cooks.
Carlos Cooks was to Black Nationalism what John Coltrane was to the
so-called avant-grade "jazz", and what Aretha is to soul music;
the prime progenitor among their respective peers.
The main difference was the fact that during his life time, Cooks never
receive his proper recognition. This was mainly because he was denied
national coverage -- by white and "Black" press -- and was bound
by an oath (the sacri) not to seek publicity for himself.
But since programs are often personified within certain individuals, and either live beyond or die along with their respective advocates, AJASS believes that -- if we are really going to re-establish truth in our Liberation Struggle, then more of our people should know about the relevance of Carlos Cooks.
Carlos A. Cooks was born on June 23, 1913 in the Dominican Republic and died May 5th, 1966 in Harlem. During his 52 years on this planet, he passed through a phenomenal experience by spending his entire lifetime dedicated to the liberation of Africa, its universal communities, and all its peoples. This fact alone puts him among the ranks of the Hon. Marcus Garvey and the grand patriarch of the, movement, Hon. Edward Wilmot Blyden.
It was Carlos Cooks who administered the Advance Division of the UNIA after Garvey's deportation. He fought psychologically and physically -- to uplift Mr. Garvey's name from the gutters of ghetto minds. Brother Frank Rockwood of the Harlem UNIA branch can attest to this truth.
It was Carlos Cooks who coined the phrase "BUY BLACK" as an economic solvency in the various African Communities throughout America. Attorney Cora Walker, who successfully engineered the Harlem Co-op market can vouch for that.
It was Carlos Cooks who found the first so-titled African Nationalist organization. Check it out with Brothers and Sisters of the African Nationalist Pioneer Movement, they will tell you.
It was Carlos Cooks whom the late Malcolm X told many of us, that: "I respect Mr. Cooks because he is real Garveyite, a true Black Nationalist!" Since truth is supposed to be the only way, ask Sister Betty Shabazz about this.
It was Carlos Cooks who kept Garvey's UNIA Red, Black, and Green tricolors displayed daily and nightly. Go on over to the African Market at 125th Street near Lenox Avenue, ask for Brother Frank Jones 'cause he can tell you about it.
It was Carlos Cooks who maintained an African Nationalist Legion, mentally prepared and physically ready to join the African Liberation struggle. I don't know if the rest of the officials of the Republic of New Africa know this, but I'm sure that Brother Herman Ferguson does.
It was Cooks who continuously advocated armed retaliation against the cracker beasts who viciously murdered our Brothers and Sisters in the South. Truth is supposed to be on its way, so ask Brother Robert Williams.
It was Carlos Cooks who designated August 17th -- the birthday of Marcus Garvey -- as the first Black holiday, official or unofficial. And if you ask James Lawson (privately), the Brother will probably tell you the truth, too.
It was Carlos Cooks who first perfected an oratorical art of street speaking from his step-ladder, all over Harlem, but, especially on 125th Street and 7th Avenue. Brother Ed. "Porkchop" Davis and Brother Charles Kenyatta can verify that as the truth.
It was Carlos Cooks who first formed an independent school, complete with a course in Kiswahili at a time (1954) when many of our people didn't even know where Africa was, never mind what Swahili was. Brother Al Vann, of the African-American Teachers Association, can educate you to the truth about this.
It was Carlos Cooks who first defined the difference between the terms Black and/or African as opposed to "Negro" and fought to have the latter word abrogated as a racial classification. You can even ask Richard Moore (author of The Word Negro And Its Evil Use) about this. Or you can read the documentation of this in "BLACK NATIONALISM: A Search For Identity In America" by Prof. E. U. Essien-Udom of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. He printed some truth about this particular issue.
It was Carlos Cooks who organized the Universal African Relief to send tons of cloths and medical supplies to our struggling fellow Africans in South West Africa and Angola -- over ten year ago. Ask Brother Hage Geingob of SWAPO or any of the other Brothers representing the liberation forces in Namibia (Southwest Africa). Their case is based on truth.
It was Carlos Cooks who first initiated the concept of natural hair as an issue of racial pride through his ANPM's MISS NATURAL STANDARD OF BEAUTY CONTEST. But just about everyone who comes in contact with AJASS knows this because our programs are based on truth and, so, we always let everyone know just where we're coming from. (Don't bother to ask the folks running the "Miss America Beauty Contest.)
WHAT IS THE A.N.P.M. ?
(The Preamble to the A.N.P.M. Constitution.)
by Carlos A. Cooks
The African Nationalist
Pioneer Movement is a educational, inspirational, instructive,
constructive, and expansive society.
It is composed of people desirous of bringing about the establish-ment of
a progressive, dignified, cultural, fraternal and racial confraternity
amongst the African people of the world.
The members pledge themselves to devote their knowledge, physical energy, private fortune, and sacred honor to ameliorate the tragic inequalities and medieval backwardness that the universal status of the race reflects.
We hold these condition to be a challenge to our manhood, and an insult to the aristocracy of our noble race.
Whereas, every sovereign state of Europe is ruled and controlled by Europeans. The land mass of Asia is governed by Asiatics. The Arabs dominate Arabia. Jewish aspirations is satisfied by the creation of the state of Israel. Africa is the only continent that is still dominated by the tyrannic yoke of European mass plunderers, with the approval of the so-called United Nations, and the active support of the Christian Churches of all denominations.
CERTAINLY NO BLACKMAN THE BLOOD OF AFRICA COURSING THROUGH HIS VEINS CAN LIVE IN GOOD CONSCIENCE ACCEPTING THESE CONDITIONS THAT THE POWER DRUNK WHITE WORLD HAS CONSPIRED TO PERPETUATE ON AN OFFENDING PEOPLE.
The African Nationalist Pioneer Movement realizes that the world is organized in homogenous segments, in the light of existing circumstances, the African Nationalist Pioneer Movement as a means of self defense and survival, a racial hegemony of Africans at home and abroad, that will resurrect the nobility, courage, and resourcefulness that once typified African character.
Rejecting all ideas for social improvement that do not animate from within the group. Denying all standards of beauty that does not represent the vibrant characteristics of the African Race. Heading no voice but our own on the issue of racial policy. Denouncing all religions that perpetuate the myth of white supre-macy and the fallacy of divine adjudication. We believe in the principles of self determination of all races.
We submit that the Black
people of Harlem and all other Homo-geneous African communities, have the
same natural and moral right to be clannish in their patronage as all
other people have drama-tised that they are. We advocate as a matter of
sound racial economic, the BUY BLACK CAMPAIGN.
Patronize the merchants of your own race. Build a solvent foundation for
your children. Help create employment and independence for your race.
LIBERATION
COLORS AND
STANDARDS
by Elombe Brath
The red, black and green flag found a new popularity during the 1960’s as the "liberation flag," and was adopted by many neo-nationalists and disgruntled neophytes who had begun to leave the Civil Rights non-violence movement in search of a new militancy. The colors had originally been adopted as the "national colors" of the African people at the 1920 International Convention according to the Universal Negro Catechism of the African Orthodox Church.
The Catechism, which had been authorized by Rev. George Alexander McGuire, the church’s leading figure, stated clearly the symbolic meaning of the colors: "Red is the color of the blood which men must shed for their redemption and liberty; black is the color of the noble and distinguished race to which we belong; green is the color of the luxuriant vegetation of our motherland."
To appreciate the vast scope and time span of the Garvey influence, the endurance and spread of the red, black, and green colors illustrate the point. Carlos A. Cooks contended that the colors came from an ancient African civilization known as the "Zengh Empire." He insisted that this was one of the earliest usage of colors as a flag, standard, or pennant to represent a people as a nation.
While I have found no corroborating evidence in my research, Dr. Tony Martin has documented some other facts regarding the spread of the red, black, and green.
In his Pan-African Connection, Martin reveals that T.D. Mweli Skota, who was responsible "for [the] adoption of the ANC anthem, Nkosi Sikelel i-Africa, (Lord Bless Africa) which was later adopted by even the ANC’s rival organizations and the whole African population of South[ern] Africa," was also largely responsible for - introducing in 1925 - the ANC’s flag of black, green, and gold, which was patterned after Garvey’s red, black, and green. Three and a half decades later, SWAPO, using the same configuration of three horizontal bars of equal size and different solid colors, followed suit in its own blue, red, and green tricolor to represent the Namibian people’s national liberation movement.
Garvey’s influence also set the standards for racial pride and material support for the liberation movements.
Just prior to the African cultural revolution of the 60’s, an event took place that actually opened the stage for the most intense period of Black consciousness since the Garvey era, on August 16, 1959, Cooks issued a call to convention by the ANPM to abrogate the term "Negro" as the official racial classification. Instead, he argued for the use of "Black" when speaking in terms of color (irrespective of complexion) and in relationship to the so-called white, yellow, brown, and red races. Likewise, and even more important, the term "African" would be used generically when speaking in relationship to land or origin (regardless of one’s own "native" birthplace), heritage, and culture.
Although the white media, including the New York Times, ostensibly the U.S. "paper of record," was informed, they did not attempt to cover this historic meeting. The Times, however, was quick to attribute the use of the term "African American" to the Rev. Jesse Jackson in 1988 - 29 years after it became a compromise choice in the wake of Cooks’ 1959 convention. But it is more an irony that in the light of him being the seminal figure in the institutionalization of the concept of Black people in the U.S. re-identifying themselves as Africans, that the denial of being of African ancestry would develop in the Dominican Republic as practically an article of faith for those seeking political office and/or upper mobility in regards to their acceptance into the social strata --a factor that sadly caused the late Jose Francisco Pena Gomez to never achieve his quest of the presidency of that Africaribbean Latin-American nation.
While those who acquire wealth because of their exceptional skills as Major League Baseball players in the U.S. are praised and accepted in spite of their very obvious biological, historical affinity to the African continent, the question of being perceived as the representative of the national policy is still out of the question. To wit, in an unusual sense, the financial class factor seems to have been subdued to the racial contradiction. This true, however, not only in the Dominican Republic but in other non-English speaking nations as well, (i.e., including the case of Pele and other Black people in Brazil).
Nevertheless, it should be made known that the 1959 convention, in effect, established that the term African was to be used in the future as the common denominator of identification of all Black people throughout the world. African is our term of worldwide unification. It identifies our historical ties to the African blood pool. It imposes upon us a critical interest in our common plight throughout history, the need to find resolutions to our present conditions, and absolute necessity of working out our common destiny.
And if in the carrying out of this historic mandate for African liberation, there ever needed for those Africans "abroad" to be designated with at least a regional categorization, then the term African-American [hyphenated] was more apropos than "AfroAmerican," based on the fact that, as Cuban patriot Jose Marti pointed out, we do live in the Americas (i.e., North, Central and South America). On another note, however, the term "West Indian" was considered as invalid as that of the usage of American Negro.
The ‘59 convention would also give birth to the establishment of an African standard of beauty that was to be institutionalized nationwide, thereby enhancing the appreciation of Blackness worldwide, and the acceptance of one’s Africannes personified. In this regard, AJASS (the African Jazz-Arts Society & Studios), a Black politi-cultural group which had been founded during the summer of 1956 in the South Bronx, also attended this historic convention. This group was a collective of Black artists, photographers, performers, and students (including Kwame Brathwaite, Robert Gumbs, Chris Acemandeces Hall, and this writer) who had been studying Garveyism and African nationalism on their own. The convention’s new concepts of raising Black people’s consciousness impressed AJASS immensely.
Following the resolutions and mandates of that meeting, AJASS began to intensify its study and began organizing throughout 1960 and most of ‘61. By the fall, AJASS had formed the nucleus of a group of models to explicitly promote the African standard of beauty, The Grandassa Models. This image had been long overlooked by such magazines as Ebony, Jet, Tan, etc. Thus, the Naturally series of "cultural extravaganzas designed to restore our racial pride and standards" was born.
Cull
from
The
Daily Challenge
"New York
City's Only Black Daily"
June 24, 1998
More Info on "The Red Black and Green." (UNIA-ACL)
THE NATIONALIST MANIFESTO
By Carlos Cooks
The time is at hand
when the Black man must pause and take serious note of the rapid current
of world events.
Life for the People of African stock, has been for the
past three centuries, a relentless struggle for survival.
Not so much against the forces of nature, Nay!
Nature blessed the African Race with the richest of all
continents, and the finest of all climates, and it has equip the Black man
with the greatest and most rugged physique among men, together with a
woman whose wholesome beauty, sparkling eyes, rhythmic gait, warm tender
smile, cheerful and affectionate disposition,
cannot be excelled or rivaled by any other female.
The Black man's
menace, has been, and still is, the white man's diabolical and determined
plan to commit GENOCIDE!
Even as they exterminated the American Indians, and the
Australian Aborigines; so too, every plan, every scheme, points to their
murderous intent to liquidate the African people.
As the great Bamganwato Chieftain Logumbula, asked in the late nineteenth century, when the British were barbarously exterminating the Bamganwatos: "Why do you kill my people?"
Today their method is subtler, but just as effective.
Hundreds of thousands died in Kenya, and many more are quartered in compounds on a starvation ration. Death to them will come through slow and painful agony of malnutrition. IT'S GENOCIDE!
In Cuba, under the pretense of vengeance against Batista's Regime, Castro is wiping out the Black population.
The Black man, if he has any desire to survive, will have to embrace Black Nationalism -- TOTALLY!
The greatest tools of the White Supremacist are the Flunky Vassals, the modern day Custodians of Uncle Tom's Cabin, the Lackey's that fought the doctrine of Marcus Garvey, the Stooges that advocates civil rights -- social equality -- and miscegenation in America.
The gang of British Toms, in the West Indies, that see themselves as a part of the British Empire, and encourages the Black man to sell his land and seek his fortunes in England, only to find upon arrival there, a hungry mob of Murder-bent Whites, waiting to bury them. IT'S GENOCIDE!
The African Nationalist Pioneer Movement, through its Executive Spokesman, Carlos A. Cooks, is calling on the world of Black men everywhere, to rally behind the doctrine of Black Nationalism.
There is no permanent future for the Black anywhere in America.
The integrationist doctrine, that have fostered so much strife, is but a death trap for the Blacks, deliberately agitated by people who do not belong to the race, does not have the interest of the race at heart, and are using the Black man as a distracting force, less what happened to them in Germany and other European Countries happen here.
The Nigger Stooges that they are using to perpetuate their cruel joke, would sell their own mothers into bondage, for the sake of being able to move around as Circus Clowns in the Circle of White Society. They may be black in Color, but they are Psychological Bastards, whose fate in the final hour of reckoning, will be the common end of a traitor.
Next to the White man, the greatest enemy of Africa and Black opportunity, ranks the integrationist, civil righters, miscegenationist, and close behind, comes the Communist, and those who would encourage the Black man to take his problem to the Lord in prayer and leave it there.
The gang in Africa
who cannot understand that there cannot and will not be any Partnership
between the African and the white man.
It is not in the nature of the White man to share
anything.
Did he share America with the American Indian? No!
Did he share Australia with Australian Bushman? No!
Where is the American Indian and the Australian Bushman?
They are both dead!
The victim of their own charity and gullibility.
They too believed
that they could share the land with the white man.
Isn't it strange that the African leaders cannot realize
that the white man shares Europe with no one?
The picture in
Africa from the standpoint of leadership, narrows down to two States that
are potentially capable of spearheading the drive for total redemption of
continental Africa; namely, Egypt, based on the dynamic drive of that
great organizer, Abdel Gamal Nasser, and the Sudan, based on its vast land
area and its strategic location.
Ethiopia -- under the present leadership, must be written
off as futile encumbrance to the designs of a modern free Africa.
Liberia is but an extension of White Imperialism.
Ghana is a model for a new type of British Colonialism.
Guinea is much too involved in the battle for survival at
this time to make it’s power felt.
The position of
Blacks in the Western World, should -- and must be one of militant
Nationalism....
The marshalling and organizing of all Black people, and
the linking up of their power, with the Patriots of Africa, Organizing
Combat Brigades, Medical Units, and Pioneer Corps.
These should be organized and held in readiness, so that
when the hour of decision tolls, Black men everywhere would not only be
willing, but they shall be able, to answer the call.
The conflict thickens, on
ye braves
Let's charge for Africa, or the grave.
Wave Africa; let all your banners wave.
Attack -- Black men, with all your ferocious rage.
Few! Few shall part -- where many meet
The sacred soil of Africa shall be their winding sheet.
And every turf of ground, beneath the invader's sacrilegious feet
Shall be a white man's sepulchre.
By Carlos A. Cooks
Founder,
The African Nationalist Pioneer Movement
Carlos Cooks and Black
Nationalism from Garvey to Malcolm
by
Robert Harris, Nyota Harris, Grandassa Harris (Editor)
Our Price: $9.95 + $0.85 special surcharge
Paperback (March 1992)
Majority Press; ISBN:0912469285
There are no other books
about this remarkable man,
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